"The Psychologist", Gender, Governance, Identity Politics

The BPS and Gender: Failed and Still Failing

The following open letter was sent on Wednesday 14 August 2024.

Professor Tony Lavender, Chair of the Practice Board of The British Psychological Society

Dear Tony.

We write this open letter to you as Chair of the Practice Board, under whose scrutiny and authority the updated Guidelines for Psychologists Working with Gender, Sexuality and Relationship Diversity were released in June 2024 (https://explore.bps.org.uk/content/report-guideline/bpsrep.2024.rep129b). You and your Board members, as well as the President (copied in), bear a collective responsibility for the claims we make about the gross inadequacies of the document that we elaborate below. One of us (Pat Harvey) was involved in direct discussions with you and the then President-Elect prior to that document’s publication. You were made fully aware of serious concerns about the positioning of the British Psychological Society on the controversial matter of gender prior to release  by senior clinical psychologists, some with extensive experience in this area of work.

In the light of those continuing concerns, and in the context of recent relevant events, we are appalled by what you have now ratified as the official and definitive BPS position on Gender. We believe that the content of the document and the gross ideological bias of the authors will bring the BPS into further disrepute. Moreover,  it will isolate the Society from the wider community of professional bodies and their practitioners, who are now engaging in an active debate about gender services, led by the NHSE.

The letter by Dr Hilary Cass written in May 2024, but released on 7 August, sets out a catalogue of serious failings in the adult Gender Identity Services in which psychologists have been centrally involved (https://www.england.nhs.uk/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/PRN01451-letter-from-dr-cass-to-john-stewart-james-palmer-may-2024.pdf). The following from Cass will suffice to illustrate:

Clinicians who spoke to me felt that, in common with the population that is presenting to children and young people’s services, the majority of patient presentations were extremely complex, with a mix of trauma, abuse, mental health diagnoses, past forensic history, ASD and ADHD, and therefore this limited assessment was inadequate. These other clinical issues were not addressed or taken into account in decisions to prescribe masculinising or feminising hormones.

The revised BPS Guidelines downplay any notion of the common presence of  serious  mental health problems in gender confused individuals, be they adults or children.  Instead, they encourage an essentialist view of gender identity as a coherent psychological phenomenon. This ‘stick of rock’ approach to personal identity reifies transgender patients as if they are all psychologically identical, which is crass and implausible (an approach called ‘diagnostic overshadowing’). The latter then deflects needed clinical attention from the very diverse biographical contexts of gender confused presentations. As a result, common and variegated mental health problems, along with disavowed same sex attraction often underlying the gender confusion are ignored. Indeed, the gender ideology that permeates the Guidelines actively assumes that, in the main, the only distress that transgender patients experience is socially created by minority stress. 

The empirical evidence does not support this thesis. Transgender presentations often arise from biographical contexts of trauma and are attended by a range of anxiety and depressive symptoms, with some patients having marked autistic tendencies. In the case of children, the homophobia of parents is at times relevant. In some adult cases, the presentation reflects extended fetishism (‘autogynephilia’) or masochistic castration fantasies (see later). Contrast our points here about complexity with the reductionist certainty of the Guidelines

“…marginalisation due to a GSRD identity or practice. This marginalisation can cause distress leading to mental health problems…” .

This emphasis in the Introduction (Page 4) continues throughout the brief document, locating and thereby reducing the diverse psychological distress presenting to practitioners: 

“…It is the marginalisation and repression that causes the difficulties, rather than the identities and practices themselves”.

Whilst, paradoxically, the BPS promotes the notion that working with gender identity requires highly specialised practitioners, diverse gender identities are normalised

…”diverse gender identities are a normal part of human diversity…”

and non-problematic

“…Any exploration of a client’s identity or practice will be on the understanding that GSRD identities and practices are as legitimate an outcome as any other…”.

This is patently untrue and irresponsible: it is an ideological assertion not a conclusion derived from a balanced consideration of psychological complexity in open systems. The “understanding” that is here being required of a practitioner is a judgemental ideological position. If adopted by the practitioner in each and every case it may actively encourage clients to enter a biomedical pathway of hormones and surgeries which involve serious iatrogenic risks. 

The Guidelines promote the unwise adherence to an approach that culminates in distressed detransitioners and those who come to regret the biomedical approach encouraged by practitioners in the past. Detransitioners report that they were insufficiently assessed or challenged by clinicians and encouraged instead to believe that a trans identity will be a legitimate and beneficial outcome. 

As Cass noted in her review, there is no evidence that ‘gender medicine’ is either safe or that it achieves its claimed goals of psychological wellbeing. Accordingly, two major medical ethics criteria are breached : first, ensure beneficence and second, ensure that no harm is done to patients (non-maleficence).  Your support of these Guidelines makes the BPS explicitly culpable in supporting an unethical approach to clinical care.

Dr Cass’s letter (note, about adult services in this case)  contains the following: 

“Adverse outcomes • Clinicians informed me that suicides of patients on treatment were not formally discussed in Morbidity and Mortality meetings, with no clear strategy for determining whether there were lessons to be learnt for future cases. • I heard that detransitioners tended to move between clinics, often not returning to their clinic of origin, and there was no system for informing the originating clinic about them. In one clinic regret was treated as a new episode of dysphoria.”

The Cass Final Report (https://cass.independent-review.uk/home/publications/final-report/) has a section on Detransition and makes recommendation (No. 25) about service provision, which is to be followed by NHS England. The authors of the revised Guidelines and the BPS Practice Board should have been well aware of the publicity over the past few years regarding transition regret. The Cass report with the section on “Detransition” was released in April 2024. The BPS Guidelines, released in June 2024, nowhere contain the words, “detransition”, “detransitioners,” or “regret”.

It is our contention that these Guidelines, ratified by the Board which you chair, represent an active barrier to much needed change in philosophy and practice for psychologists working in re-formed Gender Services in the immediate future. Ironically the release of the Guidelines was accompanied by this, in effect, pseudo acknowledgement of the challenging situation since the previous heavily criticised Guidelines had been written 2019: Debra Malpass, BPS director of knowledge and insight [sic] said: 

“We appreciate this is a sensitive, complex and sometimes controversial area. The BPS has worked to produce guidelines that are balanced, accurate and based on principles that derived from both the literature and best practice agreement of experts in the field.” ( https://www.bps.org.uk/news/updated-guidelines-psychologists-working-gender-sexuality-and-relationship-diversity-published)

You informed us that this was to be a revision rather than a rewrite. This was clearly a strategic mistake given the seismic conflicts in the field of gender services that had unfolded since 2019.  In the context of these high profile controversies about children, including a Judicial Review which addressed consent, one of us made a formal complaint which saw the BPS add a retrospective note that the Guidelines had only been intended to apply to over 18s. This had not been evident to practitioners in the first two years after publication!

Owing to its revision status, you told us that the same authors had to be used. Again, given the dramatic changes in the wider context since the 2019 publication, this was clearly a mistake. Furthermore, of the original six authors, two had demanded that their names be removed post-publication. We can reasonably suppose that those dissenters  were unhappy to be associated with the document and that they had not signed off on its final form. This would indicate clear maladministration by those in the BPS responsible for ensuring due process. When the 2024 revision came out, it was evident that two new individuals had been added to the working group to bring the number back up to six. As ever with the British Psychological Society, the process for making those appointments was entirely opaque. The new appointees galvanised and amplified an already rigid and biased approach in the previous Guidelines. In order to understand the wider context of our criticism, some background is needed to explain their personal ideological alliances. The particular and named transgender activists who wrote these Guidelines endorse the wider position of international activist organisations. Indeed, some such as the Chair, Christina Richards, were actively involved in writing those international guidelines for the World Professional Association for Transgender Health (WPATH). As psychologists they are narrowly committed to Queer Theory/radical social constructivism. This position is only one of many espoused by BPS members in their theory and practice and hence the author group is clearly unrepresentative. Here we list the organisations and ideology in which the activist authors of the Guidelines are embedded:

WPATH.  Key to the global controversy regarding gender is the organisation World Professional Association for Transgender Health who produce “Standards of Care”, now on their eighth version (Soc 8). In the last year WPATH has been riven by scandal concerning its suppression of evidence, leaks of its revelatory internal discussions of its pursuit of specific agendas and by its introduction of the sinister Eunuch Gender (see https://environmentalprogress.org/big-news/wpath-files and https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2024/mar/09/disturbing-leaks-from-us-gender-group-wpath-ring-alarm-bells-in-nhs). Despite this, the response of a BPS staffer to a critical comment made on the draft of 2024 was this:

These guidelines align with scientific literature and this is listed in the references section. For example, the largest ever meta analysis undertaken by the World Professional Association for Transgender Health. 

While the Department of Health said NHS England ‘moved away from WPATH guidelines more than five years ago’ the WPATH Soc8 is given as a key reference in the 2024 document by the BPS.

BAGIS. The British Association of Gender Identity Specialists is the UK home for many trans ideologue practitioners who are often also members of WPATH. Prominent members include practitioners at the existing 6 adult clinics which withheld information about outcomes from the Cass Review, notably Walter Bouman, who has heavily criticised Dr Hilary Cass, questioning her expertise and commenting in that context that there is “…a fine line between naivety, narcissism and psychopathy…”.

Both WPATH and BAGIS have members who strongly espouse variants of Queer Theory (QT) which seeks to support, via discourse analysis, any rejection of what is seen as ‘normal’ sexual conduct and gender expression. This is explicitly on the basis of’ liberation’ and ‘individual authenticity’. At times this libertarianism extends to an ‘anything goes’ stance. The latter legitimises lowering or eliminating the age of consent for sexual activity, castration, bestiality, ‘age-play’ and other fetishes or paraphilias. The latter context means that transgender activists reject the common fetishistic underpinning of autogynephilia in male to female transexuals. Moreover, as well as this extreme relativism, Queer Theory by dint of its radical social constructivism, is anti-realist and so it dismisses a biopsychosocial consideration of material reality (both biological and social), to which most clinical psychologists are committed. 

The BPS has demonstrated an extreme reluctance to acknowledge the need for psychological debate about all of these contentious matters, and has, instead, simply bowed to activist demands and preferences. This has meant that child safeguarding has been eschewed and instead the normalisation of gender education has ignored it as a version of grooming. Neither social contagion nor the role of the internet have been discussed. None of these troublesome issues that practitioners may regularly encounter in services is addressed in the Guidelines or allowed to be explored in The Psychologist. Even more basic discussions about the likely diverse aetiologies of trans identification of such different groups as teenage girls and middle-aged men are suppressed.

PRIVATE CLINICS, GENDER PLUS. These have emerged as privatised alternatives to proper holistic mental health care for children in the NHS. They circumvent objections to the drive that has come from activists to affirm and encourage paediatric transition. This is far more than avoiding waiting lists but is about an ideology of their service philosophy. Since GIDS was shut down and puberty blockers banned in the NHS these private arrangements have taken on a particular political salience. When these private clinics generate iatrogenic harm in some patients (as they will), it will be the NHS that will have to deal with the consequences. This picture is already apparent in relation to those seeking detransition after a biomedical regime has significantly affected their health . Likewise, the diagnostic overshadowing of these clinics means that they do not consider the wider mental health needs of their clients on a long-term basis. Nor do they provide an environment in which long term follow up data can or will be collected to address the deficits in research and evidence base. Gender Plus is a recent arrival on the scene. Its ethos and attitude can be quickly understood from this article from its director, Aiden Kelly, a clinical psychologist, reminding us that as with the GIDS debacle, services are still being led by psychologistshttps://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/article/2024/jul/19/transgender-children-ban-puberty-blockers-wes-streeting?CMP=Share_iOSApp_Other  . This article was reposted – with evident approval – by Dr Rob Agnew, Chair of BPS Section on Gender, Sexuality and Relationship Diversity https://www.linkedin.com/feed/update/urn:li:activity:7220099032344375298/ another vociferous trans activist in a key BPS position.

Given the context of all the above, the constitution of the named author group for the new Guidelines, starting with the retained Chair, warrants particular critical scrutiny viz:

Professor Christina Richards (chair) (2019, 2024) is a transwoman reported to have an intimidating and domineering style by previous insider observers. Richards lost two disaffected authors post-publication of the 2019 Guidelines. The 2024 revision may be seen to have lost some of Richards’  previous directive and declamatory style “…psychologists should…”. In the 2019 publication, in a mere eleven full pages that comprise the body of text, that phrase was used fifteen times out of twenty-seven headings and an additional forty-two times beneath the headings. In the new version, the infamous ‘Slut’ reference is amended and ‘Kink’ is omitted from  favoured BDSM allusions but the 2024 version is still, in essence, the same deplorable document.  Richards has twice been an inappropriate choice of Chair for the previous Guidelines being a proponent of Queer Theory, a self-styled expert author on BDSM and Kink, ‘furries’ and ‘age-play’. Richards is a WPATH chapter author and a BAGIS council member (https://bagis.co.uk/council/christina-richards/). Richards’ credibility as a psychologist with respect for research and open-mindedness was profoundly undermined with a presentation at Lincoln University in which Richards claimed forcefully in relation to outcomes of trans surgery that the debate “…is shut: there is not a debate about this anymore…” (see https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxRGiT6y5ouSa6T9Nes0om-J6HWo7otLDx?si=oIRaEuIZ2ER659rw). Further evidence of an unprofessional biased attitude can be taken from a quote from Richards regarding a specialist gender job advertisement in The Psychologist – “The details of Gender Diversity can be learned, but an open and inquiring mind cannot. Bigots and exploitative theoreticians need not apply!” .(https://www.bps.org.uk/psychologist/featured-job-highly-specialist-clinical-or-counselling-psychologist). The contempt that Richards holds for both routine empirical science, academic freedom (no debate should surely ever be ‘shut’) and alternative theorisations about gender in psychology other than Queer Theory are very evident.

The other authors are:

Martin Milton  (2019, 2024) was Professor of Counselling Psychology at Regents University, and is a consistent defender of transgender demands in the field of psychological therapy.

Penny Lenihan (2019, 2024) was Richards’ supervisor and is a member of WPATH. Lenihan’s website confirms being a ‘BPS and HM Government Registered Gender Diversity Specialist”. The notion of being a ‘specialist’ in this contested clinical domain is taken for granted without explanation or justification. 

Stuart Gibson (2019, 2024). Nothing of note publicly in relation to transgender activism. His main background is in relation to psychological aspects of HIV and AIDS, and this reflects a legitimate input to the guidance about gay men. As a representative of the LGB rather than LGBTQ+ community he is somewhat of an outlier, but nevertheless he presumably supported and signed off the document we criticise.

The following were newly appointed for the 2024 Guidelines:

Claudia Zitz (2024) BAGIS member, Queer Theory, Gender Plus. Worked at the now discredited GIDS and along with some others in that group is attempting to replicate that pre-Cass clinical model.

Igi Moon (2024) WPATH member, Queer Theory proponent, Gender Plus team member. Moon has been the vocal leader of the MOU on ‘conversion therapy’ campaign and used the BPS administrative system and resources to advance its aims.

Considering how unfit for purpose the 2019 Guidelines produced by the first four authors above were, it was inconceivable that a fresh approach or greater balance would be applied to the Guidelines revision by adding to the reduced group the trans activist hard-liners Zitz and  Moon.  The 2024 Guidelines form a policy ostensibly for the use of, and compliance with, the whole membership. Its authorship as represented above clearly renders the following statement accompanying publication absurd:

The principles they are based upon are derived from both the literature and best practice agreement of experts in the field and may also be applied to other disciplines, such as counselling, psychotherapy, psychiatry, medicine, nursing and social work.

The expansionist ambitions of this statement beggars belief in a post-Cass context.

The BPS has embarrassed itself and undermined its public standing by issuing this flawed and highly biased set of Guidelines and demonstrated that as a professional body it is unfit for purpose. The BPS has now further isolated itself from a rapidly moving context of debate and changing practice by adhering to an extremist pre-Cass set of policy expectations.  The Cass review now has the full confidence of the Secretary of State for Health as well as the Association of Clinical Psychologists, the Royal College of General Practitioners, the Royal College of Psychiatrists, the Academy of  Medical Royal Colleges and the British Pharmaceutical Society. In addition, the UKCP has withdrawn its support for the Memorandum of Understanding on Conversion Therapy.  Notably only the BMA, which has also been captured by transgender activists, is swimming alongside the BPS against this broader policy trend. 

Moreover, in that new context, the BPS refuses to encourage and allow the exploration of competing ideas about psychological practice in the area. It fails to reflect upon any lessons learned from the psychologist-led failed GIDS services. Adult NHS Gender Services are now in the spotlight as unfit for purpose. These 2024 Guidelines contain absolutely nothing of relevance to the changes that have to come. This is shameful.

The BPS publication, The Psychologist, has also demonstrated organisational capture. In recent years the editor has repeatedly censored contributions from dissenting voices. He commissioned a trans activist non-member to write (with active help from the staff) an ill-judged article which he published immediately after a Judicial Review. We know the details of this from an irritable exchange with the editor on the matter https://www.bps.org.uk/psychologist/blow-rights-transgender-children). This article, as they say, has aged very badly.  Worse, the editor, a person we have found peculiarly tetchy and thin skinned about any challenge, chose to leave a reference link for the infamous Singapore-based Gender GP online for several months despite protest and evidence of warnings from the NHS.  This was seriously irresponsible.  

We believe that you, the Practice Board and the BPS are failing the membership, practitioners and the public. Meanwhile the ACP-UK’s statement (below) is the one that has appeared on the official NHSE notice of future developments alongside those from Secretary of State Wes Streeting, Hilary Cass, the Chair of the Academy of Medical Royal Colleges and other key players centrally involved (https://www.england.nhs.uk/2024/08/nhs-to-roll-out-six-new-specialist-gender-centres-for-children-and-young-people/)

Professor Mike Wang, Chair of the Association of Clinical Psychologists, said: “The Association of Clinical Psychologists UK welcomes the publication of the Cass Review implementation plan. We have been involved in the development of the implementation plan at every level and we are pleased that NHS England and the Academy of Medical Royal Colleges is relying on senior clinical psychologists to deliver training and to lead the new service hubs. We continue to support the recommendations of the Cass Review and welcome NHS England’s vigorous implementation project”.

We are making the case to you that you and your colleagues, through neglect or active collusion with this ongoing capture, have ensured that the Society has no right to expect a seat at the table of future UK discussions on service delivery and on development of its evidence base. This is a task that psychology practitioners will have to pursue individually or via the ACP-UK or other more widely representative bodies. 

We request your immediate active attention and intervention and a withdrawal of the 2024 Guidelines.

Yours sincerely

Pat Harvey, David Pilgrim, Peter Harvey,

BPS members, Clinical Psychologists.

BPSWatch.com, @psychsocwatchuk


"The Psychologist", Charity Commission, Expulsion of President-Elect, Financial issues, Governance

The BPS in court – again

Yet again the BPS is spending your money – despite its financial difficulties – on expensive barristers and KCs. This is taken from a press release published today (22 July): 

The Employment Appeal Tribunal will this week (24 and 25 July) hear a landmark whistleblowing claim that could ensure protections to over 900,000 charity trustees who might need to blow the whistle on corporate governance failures within the charities they oversee.  

The claim is being brought by Dr Nigel MacLennan against the British Psychological Society (BPS) in a legal case that could extend the same protections that workers and employees enjoy under whistleblowing legislation to the many thousands of trustees, school and NHS governors, and other volunteers who play a vital role in upholding proper corporate governance standards and ethical conduct within the organisations they have duties to serve and protect.  

Dr MacLennan was a Trustee and President-Elect for the BPS at the time of his expulsion in May 2021. Following his appointment, he uncovered serious concerns of corporate governance failings within the BPS, including potentially illegal practices, which he reported to the Charity Commission.  

The Charity Commission made the first of four regulatory interventions into the BPS within 11 days of Dr Nigel MacLennan taking office, based on his evidence. Despite this, Dr Maclennan was expelled and dismissed from office by the BPS, causing profound damage to his reputation and career, and significantly impacting his mental health.  

Dr MacLennan took his claim to an employment tribunal which found that he was not protected by whistleblower legislation and he was not a worker of the BPS. 

In bringing this appeal, Dr MacLennan and his legal team will argue that he entered into a contract with the BPS and was fulfilling his legal obligations in blowing the whistle, and should therefore be protected. They will also argue that Dr MacLennan and other trustees are protected from reprisals for blowing the whistle under Articles 10 and 14 of the European Convention on Human Rights (ECHR). 

The significance of this case has been underscored by the Judge of the Employment Appeal Tribunal, who, in allowing the appeal, made an order that the Government be invited to intervene in this case because of its significant public interest implications

Just to be clear, this Appeal is to clarify an important legal principle rather than an appeal against Dr MacLennan’s expulsion by the BPS. Should the Appeal be upheld then it will allow him to take to BPS to court to contest his (in our view, unjust) expulsion (for more on this see previous blog posts Part 1, Part 2 and Part 3).

What may be news to you is the first sentence of the fourth paragraph. How many of you knew that the Charity Commission (CC) made four interventions? This is truly astonishing. It’s even more astonishing that the CC did not take any further action. However, why I raise this matter here is the fact that, as far as I am aware, this information has not been made public before. In its usual tight-lipped secretive manner [see here] the BPS has kept schtum and not any of of this has been shared with the members  – the people on whom the SMT relies for their high salaries. I cannot imagine that the CC recommended that their intervention and the subsequent actions (if any) should be kept quiet. I would hope that the CC would have encouraged (if not made it mandatory) for the BPS to keep the membership fully informed. But no – a total comms blackout. We don’t expect anything from The Psychologist, of course, which seems to take perverse pride in not reporting on Society matters of critical importance to the membership.

We will keep you updated (although the judgement of this appeal is unlikely to appear immediately) on any other previously unknown information which comes out.

Peter Harvey

Blog Administrator

Academic freedom and censorship, Gender, Identity Politics

On GIDS

Below is a letter from David Pilgrim, accepted by the Editor of Clinical Psychology Forum (the Journal of the BPS Division of Clinical Psychology), contributing to and continuing the important debate surrounding the transgender controversy. Earlier correspondence has not been published, as we reported on the blog previously [see here ]. We are hopeful that the same fate does not befall this letter.

"The Psychologist", 'False Memory Syndrome', Academic freedom and censorship, Board of Trustees, Gender, Identity Politics, Memory and the Law Group

CASS, COLUMBO AND THE BPS

 

David Pilgrim posts….

When BPSWatch.com began we were like the dishevelled TV cop Columbo. An early mistake we made was to look to those responsible for the corruption and dysfunction in the BPS to clear up their own mess. Basically, we were too trusting of the personal integrity of the powers that be and the Society’s complaints policy. Quickly we discovered that those in charge ran a very well-oiled bullshit generator (Pilgrim, 2023a and https://bpswatch.com/2021/10/31/the-abuse-of-history-and-the-bps-bullshit-generator/). Letters were not answered, the complaints process was broken, critiques were censored, prompts about ignored emails were ignored further. Too many nudges from us led to claims of harassment followed by threats of disciplinary and legal action.  We moved to making sense of the public policy implications of a culture of deceit and mendacity, with a cabal running the show totally lacking transparency about governance. Soon two child protection matters came into particular focus. 

The first related to the distortions created by the policy of the BPS on memory and the law [see here, here and here], which has been captured by experimentalists concerned singularly with false positive risks and so-called false memories. This narrow consideration has wilfully excluded the wider research evidence about childhood sexual abuse and its underreporting (Cutajar et al 2010). It diverts us from the needed consideration of false negatives, the epidemiological iceberg and needed justice for the victims of both historical child abuse and more recent sexual crimes against adults. The clue about this bias was that those capturing the policy, who were hand in glove with the British False Memory Society (now defunct), such as the late Martin Conway, recipient of the BPS lifetime achievement award and eulogised here (https://www.bps.org.uk/psychologist/martin-conway-1952-2022) (Conway and Pilgrim, 2022).  

The second child protection scandal, we have examined is that of the complicit role of the BPS leadership in the psychology-led GIDS at the Tavistock Clinic (now closed).  The recent Cass Review has evoked raw feelings in backlash. Hilary Cass, a respectable and, until recently little known, academic paediatrician has, after publishing that Review, been advised by the police not to travel on public transport. Sadly, Cass now competes only with J.K. Rowling as the woman who transgender activists are most likely to disparage and threaten. The past and current stance of the BPS to this iatrogenic scandal, with psychologists at its centre, is thus of public interest.

The FtM (Female-to-Male) activist Professor Stephen Whittle haughtily described the Cass Review in The Guardian as having the ‘fingerprints of transphobia all over it’. This casual contempt (note from an alleged academic) for serious analysis has been common in highly educated circles from transgender activists and their allies. Because they have previously been riding high, with virtue-signalling organisational leaders obediently cheering them along, they have held a simple line: any criticism always comes from those who are merely reactionary and ‘transphobic’. ‘If you are not for us then you are against us’ is the hasty immature cognitive binary of most forms of identity politics and the sex/gender debate brings this point out graphically (Dutton, 2022). Except, of course, that a cornerstone of transgender activism is that there is to be ‘no debate’.

The term ‘transphobic’ is applied knee-jerk fashion to all gender critics now organised across a range of disparate feminist, religious and scientific groupings in Britain. By pre-empting debate, transgender activists have de-skilled themselves. Why bother with logic or evidence when the truth is already known about ‘gender identity’? Why bother with complex deliberations about competing human rights when there is only one ethical imperative of ‘trans liberation’?  Why bother appealing to the facts of life when arbitrary self-identification trumps everything? This de-skilling has left transgender activists floundering once their name calling runs out. ‘You are all transphobes!’ would make a very short journal submission or exam answer, as would the more threatening ‘Kill a TERF!’. It could, though, reference the cultish leader Judith Butler who has had a lot to say, even if it is largely unintelligible (Butler, 1999). 

For any naïve but honest person oblivious to newer expectations of language-policing, this is a confusing topic. Terms like ‘cis’, ‘deadnaming’ and ‘misgendering’ are bemusing to anyone not under the sway of the postmodern turn and, in its wake, the severing of the link between material reality and the indexical role of language. Noam Chomsky has returned repeatedly to refer to the ‘gibberish’ and wilful obscurantism of postmodernist texts (Chomsky, 2018). They are full of word salads and at their most mystifying in Queer Theory and in some versions of third wave feminism, with Butler leading the charge. Concurring with Chomsky, Martha Nussbaum confirmed that she (Butler) deliberately obfuscates (Nussbaum, 1999). Given that intellectual giants like Chomsky and Nussbaum cannot understand what Butler is getting at, sentence by sentence, then what chance for mere mortals?  

A naïve but honest person is ‘transphobic’ if they describe a man in a dress as…. a man in a dress. A naïve but honest person is ‘transphobic’ if they simply want to ask, ‘what is a woman’ (i.e. there is to be ‘no debate’) (Andrews, 2021; cf.Stock, 2021). A naïve but honest person is ‘transphobic’ if they expect adult human females to have their own places to undress, go to the toilet or be protected from a predator revelling in being ‘a woman with a penis’. A naïve but honest person cannot grasp the notion of a ‘translesbian’ and most real lesbians are unimpressed by a con man in their midst. A naïve but honest person, on very good grounds, does not believe that a man can give birth to a baby. The list goes on.

For those offering a more knowing critique to defend common sense about sex, careers have been wounded, sometimes fatally. From Kathleen Stock to Graham Linehan, and from Maya Forstater to Rachel Meade, the consequences have been clear. ‘Better to agree with the transgender activist bullies than hold them to account’ or, even more modestly, ‘just do not disagree with them’. This seems to have been the stance taken by most managers and professional leaders across British culture in the past decade. Cass, however, in her report, has set many hares running about the justice and sanity of this collusion with transgender activism. 

The recent cheerleaders (i.e., opportunistic trans-captured managers and the ‘be kind’ politicians of all hues) are reflecting on their crowd-pleasing errors and some are deleting their old tweets. U-turns have been forced, such as that from Wes Streeting MP, on the Parliamentary Labour Party. Some NHS CEOs are now eating humble pie. Those denying Cass information about follow up data on biomedically transitioned young people have been forced to release the information, raising the question about what they were covering up in the first place.  

In recent weeks, puberty blockers have been decommissioned in the NHS first in England, but with Scotland and Wales quickly following suit. The government have announced that the distortions of language in NHS policy documents (‘cervix havers’, ‘chest feeders’, ‘peri-natal care’ etc.) will cease, not only because they have denied the biological reality of being a woman (or a man), but because it makes no clear functional sense in medical records, risk assessment, data collection or research. How many MtF (Male-to-Female) transsexuals do any of us know who have died from ovarian cancer or FtM transsexuals from prostate cancer?  (Send your answer on a blank postcard.)  

Women, not men, have babies and FtM transsexuals special pleading for ‘perinatal care’ are still women, even if they resent their natal bodies. However, now they make demands for sensitive and immediately available medical interventions to protect them from the iatrogenic risks created from the hormonal regimes that, note, they had previously demanded and received. These points about biological reality return recurrently because that reality cannot be talked out of existence using a postmodern fog of words (Dahlen, 2021; cf. Pfeffer et al, 2023). Sex is immutable, can be detected in utero and is then recorded at birth. It is not ‘assigned’. That fact of life about our conception is as certain as our death. Sometimes variations of sexual development are invoked in the justificatory rhetoric of transgender trans-gender activism, but this is a red herring. Sexual dimorphism is a mammalian feature in 99.99% of offspring and even in the rest, genetic determinism still obtains.

For those of us who have never voted Conservative, we are relieved that the current health minister, Victoria Atkins can ‘state the bloody obvious’, in sympathy with any other sensible people in society who has not been captured by this ideology. They know in good faith that a woman is an adult human female, a man is an adult human male and public, private and third sector organisations have all been in the thrall of a sort of collective madness for too long. So, amid this political disruption triggered by Cass, where does this leave the BPS and its leadership? Back to Columbo.

Lessons from Crime and Punishment

The writers of Columbo took their inspiration from Dostoevsky and his tale of ‘ideological madness’, which triggered and justified homicidal violence. In Crime and Punishment at first the detective Porfiry Petrovich feels his way into the circumstances of the murder committed by Rodion Raskolnikov. Soon Porfiry knows exactly who the culprit is, but he bides his time. A central theme at this point in the book is not ‘who dunnit?’ but ‘when will they confess?’

The analogy between Porfiry and BPSWatch.com works so far but the two scenarios are different for the following reasons. First, BPSWatch has not been preoccupied with a murder, but with organisational misdeeds and policy advice, which have put children at risk. Second, we are concerned to bring many more than one perpetrator to book. Third, we can only speculate about their inner worlds. Raskolnikov struggles throughout the plot with angst and guilt about his crime. To date there has been little evidence of contrition from the BPS leaders in relation to their responsibility for the corruption and dysfunction we have elaborated on this blog. Ipso facto the BPS bullshit machine does not have a ‘confession’ button on its control panel. What we see at the top is not guilt, shame or contrition but apparently la belle indifference.

Applying the analogy and its caveats to the post-Cass scenario, who would we place in the dock? There has been a spectrum of intent, culpability and complicity. In the vanguard have been nameable transgender ideology activists who have captured the policy apparatus. This is evidenced by the public statements of the two most recent chairs of the BPS Sexualities Section, newly renamed the Section of Gender Sexuality and Relationship Diversity (GSRD). The rights of lesbian women like those of all women are pushed aside in the pursuit of (MtF) trans rights. Just as with Stonewall this BPS Section has virtually abandoned a focus on same sex attraction. Now the obsession is with ‘gender identity’ not sexuality.

Adam Jowett, former chair of the erstwhile Sexualities Section of the BPS moved on and up in the cabal by becoming a member of the ill-constituted Board of Trustees. BPSWatch has long noted the lack of independence and blatant conflict of interest inherent in the structure of the BPS’s governing body (https://bpswatch.com/2023/12/03/evil-secrets-and-good-intentions-in-the-bps/). Jowett moved to attend to the history of British psychology, now viewed through the anachronistic lens of current LGBTQ+ campaigning. With colleagues he has been influential offering research to the British government about ‘conversion therapy’. The outcome though has been lacklustre. For example, we find this statement from the Jowett et al research in 2021:

“The UK government has committed to exploring legislative and non-legislative options for ending so-called “conversion therapy”. In this report the term “conversion therapy” is used to refer to any efforts to change, modify or suppress a person’s sexual orientation or gender identity regardless of whether it takes place in a healthcare, religious or other setting.”.

However, the problem for the report writers was the lack of evidence to support their search for transphobic therapists or conversion practices, as they acknowledge here:

“ There is no representative data on the number of lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender (LGBT) people who have undergone conversion therapy in the UK. However, some evidence appears to suggest that transgender people may be more likely to be offered or receive conversion therapy than cisgender lesbian, gay or bisexual people. There is consistent evidence that exposure to conversion therapy is associated with having certain conservative religious beliefs.” (See https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/conversion-therapy-an-evidence-assessment-and-qualitative-study)

The research then could find no solid evidence that conversion therapy was prevalent in mainstream mental health practice and a weak speculation is left (mainly from a US not British cultural context) that ‘reparative therapy’ in religious therapy exists. Jowett et al are fighting a battle about aversion therapy in the 1970s (won by gay activists) and eliding it with the threat of exploratory psychological therapy with children today, which is a recurring tactic of transgender activists (Pilgrim, 2023b). 

That tactic has been replayed in the BPS by Jowett’s successor Rob Agnew, who describes him as:  “lead author of one of the most important pieces of LGBTQ+ research in the last 50 years” https://www.linkedin.com/posts/drrobagnew_british-psychologists-at-pride-2023-joining-activity-7056511344367296512-Cmyg/). Agnew is openly and stridently a transgender activist on social media and in pieces published in The Psychologist. A favourite pastime is his calling his colleagues “bigots” and attacking psychoanalysis. The links to individual statements below are easily found on his LinkedIn profile where he is “Chair of Section of Psychology of Gender, Sexuality and Relationship Diversity, British Psychological Society”. Although there is the disclaimer “(opinions my own unless otherwise stated)his legitimacy as a BPS leader is foregrounded. This specially conferred legitimacy is obvious, and reflected in the confidence and certainty with which he speaks. Here are some samples of his reaction to the Cass Report on social media: 

Bad news for our trans youth this morning, but let’s be honest, we knew it was coming.” 

“Why was Cass unable to find the research needed to provide trans youth with vital medical approaches that other countries found?” 

“Here are some facts for you: Puberty blockers are not experiemental (sic), we have decades of research on their effects. They are safe. They are reversible. There is some evidence of minor enduring differences after cessation however these costs are vastly outweighed by the immediate benefits to the child/young person.”

Agnew reifies the existence of “trans kids” as a self-evident fact (cf. Brunskell-Evans and Moore, 2018). His “affirmation only” approach precludes psychological exploration (note he is a psychologist). Why does he separate this group out from other troubled youngsters?  Cass (who is not a psychologist) is wiser in acknowledging that children can at times be ‘gender questioning’ during the existential turbulence common in adolescence. The abrogation of safeguarding advocated by Agnew, (i.e., claiming that puberty blockers are safe) is the very opposite of a cautious protective approach. Contrast that with Cass who has emphasised that, “Therapists must be allowed to question children who believe they are trans….. exploration of these issues is essential” (https://archive.ph/c4Vlr).

In October 2023 Agnew rejected the idea that women should have the right to have single-sex wards. He stated wrongly that there had never been a demand for it and that there had been no complaints. He clearly had avoided any disconfirming evidence that MtF transgender patients might harm women in healthcare settings (see https://www.medicalbrief.co.za/uk-hospital-tells-police-patient-could-not-have-been-raped-since-attacker-was-transgender/).  For Agnew, the finer feelings of MtF transgender patients revealed who he prioritised in relation to dignity, ignoring women’s privacy and safety. When Cass reported, Agnew toed the line of all the other transgender activist organisations that she was wrong for excluding studies that might undermine her conclusions and advice. That view about a purported 100 excluded studies was repeated and then quickly retracted by the Labour MP Dawn Butler in parliament. 

Cass made very clear her criteria for inclusion and the standard of evidence required to warrant biomedical interventions with physically health children. Agnew and Butler were both wrong but only the latter has admitted it. Defiantly Agnew claims to be working with others on a scientifically more valid alternative to the Cass Review; meanwhile he relies on, contributes to and repeats the authority of the WPATH (World Professional Association for Transgender Health) guidelines. These are not analogous to the cautious equipoise from NICE guidelines about clinical risk and efficacy. In the past twenty years, the activists driving WPATH have been part of a sinister turn: there has been a deliberate mission creep from adult transsexuals to children. As the Canadian feminist Meghan Murphy has recently noted, transgender activists made a major tactical mistake when they ‘went for the kids’. 

Agnew has complained that ‘cis het’ people like Cass should not pronounce on matters trans. Despite his ad hominemdismissal of this respected female paediatrician, her views are shaping an incipient NHS orthodoxy (Abassi, 2024).  Agnew has failed to grasp the range of forces against him. To be gender critical in Britain is not merely the preserve of religious conservatives but extends to all philosophical realists and a swathe of liberal and left-wing feminists. That broad and expanding alliance reveals that ‘trans liberation’ today really is not the same as gay liberation in the 1970s. Agnew like Billy Bragg, preaching from his secular pulpit, makes that false comparison. Political opportunists like Eddie Izzard have become a laughing stock, as desperate to get into women’s toilets as to find a local Labour Party prepared to adopt him as a candidate. Meanwhile, at the time of writing, the organisation Agnew represents, the BPS, is like a paralysed headless chicken. It seems unable to find a convincing response to the Cass Review, which is evidence-based and prioritises child safety. 

Other key activists have played a leading role in capturing the BPS position on sex and gender. Christina Richards led the charge for inclusivity and affirmation, including for ‘trans kids’, when chairing and pushing through the 2019 gender guidelines from the BPS (https://www.bps.org.uk/guideline/guidelines-psychologists-working-gender-sexuality-and-relationship-diversity). The guidelines resemble no other professional practice documents. Of six members who produced these under Richard’s control, two have forced the BPS to remove their names in professional embarrassment. Patients were to be called ‘sluts’ if they so wanted it and BDSM and other variants of ‘kink’ were a part of a de-repressive future to be celebrated by psychologists as being essentially non-pathological. Richards declared publicly that the debate about the effectiveness and safety about puberty blockers was now ‘shut’ (cf. Biggs, 2023). This is said in a YouTube video in which Dr Richards appears; the relevant segment occurs at about the 40 minute mark. This statement was made pre-Cass, but then or now it was a ridiculous claim, not worthy of a leader in an allegedly learned organisation.  No academic debate should ever be ‘shut’. Moreover, when a topic is fraught with conceptual and empirical uncertainty it deserves more discussion not less. 

Richards, like Jowett paving the way for Agnew’s stridency, also warned against unwelcomed ‘bigots’ applying for psychology posts in gender services, encouraged by the special feature interview with the editor of The Psychologist (https://www.bps.org.uk/psychologist/featured-job-highly-specialist-clinical-or-counselling-psychologist).  Complaints from one of us (Pat Harvey) about these unprofessional interventions from Richards were, true to form, rejected by the powers that be in the BPS (Harvey, 2023). Cass has thrown a spanner in these works and the BPS is now, advertising for psychologists interested in a new review focusing on children alone, having stalwartly refused to initiate this until it became inevitable, but too late.

Igi Moon is the other highly influential activist at the BPS and has led the MOU campaign against conversion therapy. For a while the administrative costs for this campaign were borne by the Society. Between 2015 and 2017 the MOU switched from only focusing on sexuality to include ‘gender identity’. This change was politically significant pre-Cass (Pilgrim, 2023b). Moon has depicted exploratory psychological therapy and formulation-based case work as being a form of conversion therapy. Cass disagrees. 

For now, Cass, not the likes of Agnew, Moon or Richards, is shaping public policy. The days of the latter being driven by Stonewall are seemingly over and its dissenting splinter of the LGB Alliance is pleased to be in the ascendency. As for Mermaids, their shroud waving of the oft regurgitated ‘better a live trans daughter than a dead cis son’ cuts no ice empirically (cf. Wiepjes et al 2020). Moreover, their failed legal action against the LGB Alliance has left them both poorer and looking decidedly foolish, especially in lesbian and gay circles. They are currently still being investigated by the Charity Commission; their in-schools campaigning, and breast binding merchandising, are declining in popularity but reflect a continuing defiance of a post-Cass policy trend.

Probably we will be waiting for a very long time for activists to recant and confess to the errors of their ways. ‘Ideological madness’ (pace Dostoevsky) can be refractory, so there is little point in holding our breath. However, when we turn to the administrative apparatus that has given these transgender activists succour, and provided a public space of legitimacy, others should go in the dock. 

Sarb Bajwa, the Society’s £130 000 plus per annum CEO has repeatedly ignored multi-signed letters of concern about the problematic sex and gender policy line; his contempt for ordinary members and their complaints seems boundless. Having survived the 18 month £70k fraud spree of his executive assistant, using his BPS credit card, enjoying almost a year on the salaried leisure of his suspension, he has come back to “work”. He has watched the resignation and departure of the recently appointed independent chair of the board to whom he was (notionally) accountable. 

Rachel Dufton, Director of Communications, runs the propaganda wing of the BPS, loyally supports the CEO and keeps a watchful eye over all BPS publications, including The Psychologist and Clinical Psychology Forum. She assured, pre-Cass, a uniformly pro-affirmation position. For example, her team censored a piece I wrote for Forum, raising concerns about GIDS and freedom of expression (even though it had been agreed for publication by the editor). When I complained about this censorship, it was investigated and the ‘comms team’ decision was upheld on grounds of the poor quality of my piece. After a year of repeated inquiries, I was eventually told that the investigating officer who was considering the complaint was the CEO. 

Neither Bajwa nor Dufton are experts in either healthcare ethics or the history of British clinical psychology, but the agenda was power not academic norms. The New Public Management model requires that authority does not come from true wisdom borne of relevant research but only from ‘the right to manage’.  The latter includes ‘controlling the narrative’ of the organisation; the managerial mandate always overrides democratic accountability, and transparency is an option but not an obligation. The ‘comms team’ has a role here that subordinates all other interests, such as those members pressing in good faith for the BPS to regain its role as a credible scholarly organisation. For now, that credibility is in tatters.

Pre-Cass, when the censorship of my piece was blatant, the editor of Forum was instructed by the ‘comms team’ to print an apologia for GIDS from its past leader Bernadete Wren. She informed the world that a ‘social revolution’ about sex and gender had now taken place and that GIDS was a progressive form of paediatric healthcare. An alternative view, now replacing that, is that clinical psychology was heading up one of the worst iatrogenic scandals of this century to date, with a generation of physically healthy children being disfigured and sterilised by an evidence-free biomedical experiment.

Jon Sutton must also be in the dock. He is the long serving editor of The Psychologist. He has published innumerable pieces defending the affirmative stance but refused to publish alternative accounts. One piece was published from a transgender activist, Reubs Walsh, who was not even a BPS member. It had been prepared over months with editorial coaching to maximise its credibility (https://www.bps.org.uk/psychologist/blow-rights-transgender-children).  Contrast that scenario of editorial favouritism with a considered critique from the educational psychologist Claire McGuiggan and her colleagues, who are gender critics. She has protested without success that a piece from them was offered to Sutton to be summarily rejected (see McGuiggan et al 2024). A number of complaints about Sutton’s biased decision-making to the editorial advisory board, chaired by Richard Stephens, have got nowhere. As with Bajwa supporting Dufton, the same seemingly unconditional confidence of Stephens for Sutton is evident.

If there is any doubt that The Psychologist remains captured by transgender advocacy, it has listed the Singapore based Gender GP as a go-to resource. This organisation is in the business of prescribing puberty blockers and cross sex hormones, in many cases to minors. At the time of writing in a high court ruling (https://www.judiciary.uk/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/Approved-Judgment-Re-J-1-May-2024.pdf) the judge has said the following: ” I would urge any other court faced with a case involving Gender GP to proceed with extreme caution before exercising any power to approve or endorse treatment that that clinic may prescribe”. In response to our complaints about the endorsement of this unethical organisation, Sutton and Stephens were dismissive. 

Finally, there are the faceless people inside the BPS, Trustees with conflicts of interest, and other senior managers who we might put in the dock. Were they all true believing transgender allies all along? Might they have kept quiet despite the problems that were obvious about this and other murky matters? The latter included the fraud and the kangaroo court expulsion of a whistleblowing president, which we have covered extensively on this blog. This unedifying scenario of mass silent complicity in the BPS recalls the view of the sociologist Stanley Cohen discussing ‘states of denial’ (such as ‘moral stupor’ about the scale of child sexual abuse in society):

Intellectuals who keep silent about what they know, who ignore the signs that matter by moral standards, are even more culpable when their society is free and open. They can speak freely but they choose not to. (Cohen, 2001: 286)

For now, we await a public confession from those at the top of the BPS about their policy position pre-Cass. What have they to say now about a psychology-led iatrogenic scandal involving child victims? Anything at all?

Conclusion

The Cass Review is likely to shape public policy on the sex/gender question for the foreseeable future. The transgender activists have lost their mandate on the bigger political stage. This leaves the BPS leadership in a tricky position. The previous virtue-signalling support they made for policies, such as the highly flawed gender document of 2019 or the MOU campaign on conversion therapy from 2017, with its mangled understanding of the concept, is now looking politically implausible and embarrassing. 

The discredited GIDS regime was led by British psychologists, and it is dishonest to conveniently ignore that fact. Consequently, it behoves those managing the BPS now to do their own look back exercise about that tragic piece of recent history. Even on instrumental grounds, it might be better to get on with that task of reflecting on lessons learned, in advance of a fuller public inquiry into transgender capture in British organisations, which is in the offing. The chance of this advice being heeded is slim. Given the lack of intellectual integrity (and quite frankly competence) of senior managers and their complicit Board of Trustees, the BPS leadership is now highly compromised and may opt to return to its comfortable ostrich-with-its-head-in-the-sand tradition. 

Playing the Columbo role here, we may be waiting for a long time for honest confessions from those at the top pre-Cass; many have bailed out and scattered in self-preservation. Managers (especially of the finance variety) have come and gone quickly. What might happen is that those remaining will adapt pragmatically to the new public policy landscape in healthcare and education, picking up the crumbs they can opportunistically. The recent emphasis on the need for more and more psychological therapies for children and young people provides such an opportunity. This might happen under the radar, with the inconvenient truth about GIDS then being quietly ignored, in a state of collective denial or dissociation. 

This returns us to the lesser considered matter in this piece, I began with. If sometimes some people have false memories, why do experimental psychologists focus overwhelmingly on the weak and the vulnerable within this claim (i.e., distressed children and adults reporting being abused in the past)? Why put so much forensic emphasis on the risks for those claiming to be falsely accused? After all, logically it is quite likely that perpetrators in positions of power might, for instrumental reasons, hysterically forget their own misdemeanours. They have a lot to lose if the truth comes out. 

Why don’t our experimentalist colleagues try to make sense of la belle indifference of those at the top of the BPS? We certainly need a formulation about why it is so obviously an organisation without a memory.  To compound the woes created by that collective amnesia, there is no independent Chair running its governing body and a CEO facing a petition for his removal. How much worse can this organisation get before it collapses or the Charity Commission eventually wakes from its slumber to take control? We have been asking a variant of that question on this blog for far too long, but we will keep asking it while ever children remain at risk. 

 References

Abassi, K. (2024) The Cass review: an opportunity to unite behind evidence informed care in gender medicine. BMJ 385:q837

Andrews, P. (2021) This is hate, not debate Index on Censorship 50, 2, 73-75

Biggs, M. (2023) The Dutch Protocol for juvenile transsexuals: origins and evidence, Journal of Sex & Marital Therapy, 49:4, 348-368.

British Psychological Society (2019). Guidelines for working with Gender, Sexuality and Relationship Diversity. Leicester: British Psychological Society.

Brunskell-Evans, H. and Moore, M. (Eds.) (2018) Transgender Children and Young People: Born in Your Own Body. Newcastle: Cambridge Scholars Publishing.

Butler, J. (1999) Gender Trouble: Feminism and the Subversion of Identity. New York: Routledge

Chomsky, N. (2018) https://www.openculture.com/2018/02/noam-chomsky-explains-whats-wrong-with-postmodern-philosophy-french-intellectuals.html

Cohen, S. (2011) States of Denial London: Routledge 

Conway A and Pilgrim D. (2022) The policy alignment of the British False Memory Society and the British Psychological Society. Journal of Trauma & Dissociation. 23(2):165-176

Cutajar, M.C., Mullen, P.E., Ogloff, J.R.P., Thomas, S.D., Wells, D.L. & Spataro, J. (2010) Psychopathology in a large cohort of sexually abuse children followed up to 43 years. Child Abuse & Neglect 34, 11, 813-22  

Dahlen, S. (2021) Dual uncertainties: On equipoise, sex differences and chirality in clinical research New Bioethics. 27, 3, 219-229.

Dutton, K. (2022) Black and White Thinking London: Bantam

Harvey, P. (2023) Policy capture at the BPS (1): the Gender Guidelines In D.Pilgrim (ed) British Psychology in Crisis: A Case Study in Organisational Dysfunction Oxford: Phoenix.

McGuiggan, C., D’Lima, P. and Robertson, L. (2024) Where are the educational psychologists when children say they’re transgender? https://genspect.org/where-are-the-educational-psychologists-when-children-say-theyre-transgender/

Nussbaum, M. (1999> The professor of parody: the hip defeatism of Judith Butler. New Republic https//newrepublic.com/article/150687/professor-parody

Pilgrim, D. (2023a) BPS Bullshit In D.Pilgrim (ed) British Psychology in Crisis: A Case Study in Organisational Dysfunction Oxford: Phoenix.xNussbaum, M. (1999) The professor of parody: the hip defeatism of Judith Butler. New Republic  https://newrepublic.com/article/150687/professor-parody

Pilgrim D. (2023b) British mental healthcare responses to adult homosexuality and gender non-conforming children at the turn of the twenty-first century. History of Psychiatry. 34(4):434-450.

Pfeffer CA, Hines S, Pearce R, Riggs DW, Ruspini E & White FR (2023) Medical uncertainty and reproduction of the “normal”: Decision-making around testosterone therapy in transgender pregnancy. SSM – Qualitative Research in Health, 4, 100297

 Stock, K. (2021) What is a woman? Index on Censorship   50, 2, 70-72

Turner, J. (2024)   Cass was a skirmish: now prepare for a war https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/cass-was-a-skirmish-now-prepare-for-a-war-qgpvp9zz9

Wipes, C.M., et al. (2020) Trends in suicide death risk in transgender people: realists form the the Amsterdam Cohort of Gender Dysphoria studiy (1972-2017). Acta Psychiatric Scandinavia 141, 6, 486-491.

Gender, Identity Politics

The final Cass Review: murmurings of defiance and complicity in the BPS

David Pilgrim posts….

The final version of the Cass Review appeared yesterday (10th April 2024), containing few surprises for those pleased or displeased. We now enter a phase of observing how leaders in public, private and third sector organisations adapt and shape their interests in response. The hegemony of the Stonewall era, which installed trans-activism readily across British society, with its neoliberal confluence of consumerism and identity politics, is finally breaking down. The second version of the Memorandum of Understanding on Conversion Therapy (MOU) is no longer a virtue signalling box to tick, but a source of embarrassment. Recently the UKCP made this statement, with Cass in the offing:

“UKCP’s withdrawal from the MoU and the Coalition Against Conversion Therapy takes immediate effect. While we work to update our Code of Ethics and Professional Practice to reflect UKCP’s withdrawal, members are advised to discount the MoU as a published policy of UKCP (as referenced in point 36 of the Code) from today, 5 April 2024”.

It would be a massive step if the BPS were to follow suit. After all, that ideologically-captured second version of the MOU was driven by trans-activists inside the Society. For a while, it was even the official administrative home for the campaign for the Coalition. At no time during that period did the BPS incorporate or seek to represent dissenting voices. Those from Thoughtful Therapists and the Clinical Advisory Group on Sex and Gender, which included many psychologists, concurred with Cass that a whole generation of children had been exposed incautiously to iatrogenic damage.

An indication of the trans-captured position of the BPS was that The Psychologist had actively promoted an affirmative stance and it marginalized or blocked any alternative position. The latter could be packaged away as simply being ‘transphobic’ or ‘anti-trans’. The gender guidelines were also under the control of trans-activists (British Psychological Society, 2019). Its Chair, Dr Christina Richards, argued that there was to be ‘no debate’ because the debate was ‘over’ – evidence clearly supported affirmative care, end of story. Legitimate complaints to the BPS about the lack of evidence for this arrogant and unfounded dismissal from Richards failed. Affirmative care, with its conveyer belt of puberty blockers, cross-sex hormones and irreversible surgeries, was the way to a bright new future to liberate children who, quite evidently, had been born in the wrong body. Pre-Cass, all the BPS worthies smugly agreed. No debate, no philosophical arguments about sex and gender and certainly no need for evidence. But then Cass came along…..

Defy or comply?

Now the Cass Review has been published those defending affirmative care, from The Psychologist to the Sexualities Section of the BPS, as well of course the authors of the still unrevised trans-captured gender guideline, are in a tricky position. Defiance was the immediate answer from Dr Rob Agnew on twitter/X. The strident anti-anti-trans Chair of the BPS Sexualities Section dismissed Cass for being ‘cis and het’. How dare a (real) woman trained in paediatrics have a view about children?

Moving on from his misogyny, Agnew reverted to a semblance of standard academic reasoning, going on to tell us that her review of the evidence was simply wrong and that he and ‘other clinicians’ will soon prove that point. At the time of writing, the world waits with bated breath to see if the Cass Review will need to be removed as policy guidance in England and Wales. Dr Agnew and his colleagues intend to provide evidence that will correct the scholarly incompetence of Cass and her team; watch this space.

Agnew may represent the trans-captured old guard in the Society but new pragmatic leaders are now required in response to Cass. At this point step in Dr Roman Raczka, recently Chair of the Division of Clinical Psychology and now President-Elect of the BPS. This is his view from the upper echelons of the Society speaking, as those at the top do, using the royal plural (though it might also signal the hand of the ubiquitous ‘Comms Team’):

“We want to commend Dr Hilary Cass for her thorough and sensitive review into an area that is highly complex and controversial to many. All too often, the way this controversy has played out in public has been damaging to the very children, young people and families desperately seeking help. We wholeheartedly join Dr Cass’s call for an end to the deeply concerning, public bullying and vilification of professionals working in this challenging area. The prescribing of puberty blockers has received a great deal of focus both in wider discussions about gender, and within the report itself. We agree with Dr Cass that the controversy around this issue has sometimes taken focus away from the important role of psychological interventions in gender services to support young people and their families. We agree that it’s vital to create a sound evidence base and better understanding of the long-term effects of puberty blockers and the need for more data in this area to help young people make informed decisions about their treatment and to support the clinicians providing care and treatment. Dr Cass and her team have produced a thought-provoking, detailed and wide-ranging list of recommendations, which will have implications for all professionals working with gender-questioning children and young people. It will take time to carefully review and respond to the whole report, but I am sure that psychology, as a profession, will reflect and learn lessons from the review, its findings and recommendations. We warmly welcome the recommendation to establish a consortium of relevant professional bodies to identify gaps in professional training and develop training materials to upskill the workforce. As the body that accredits professional training courses for psychologists and the wider psychological workforce in the UK, the BPS looks forward to contributing to this important work as it develops. Recognising the importance of supporting professionals working with children and young people around gender issues, the BPS recently launched recruitment for a Children, Young People and Gender workstream to ensure that a strong evidence base is at the heart of these conversations.”

Any student of the sociology of professions will recognize some key elements in the Raczka statement, in relation to ‘interest work’ in healthcare policy (Williamson, 2008). First, there is pragmatism, i.e. those pushing for collective professional advancement must work with the world as it is, not as they would like it to be, in order to milk it for any opportunities available. Second, and following from this, they must ignore any past stance, which inconveniently might be out of step with the politically contingent present. On the first point, notice how Raczka at the end of his statement, with its rhetorical flourish, focuses on an expanded psychological workforce and makes the standard claim that clinical psychology is an evidence-based project, working in the public interest. On the second point it is what is not said that matters. Here the role of an omissive critique is important (Pilgrim, 2020).

Raczka fails to mention the following. The DCP in recent years has not condemned the extant gender guidelines that celebrate ‘affirmative care’ (cf. Harvey, 2023). The DCP in recent years has not objected to the MOU campaign against conversion therapy or it being housed officially inside the BPS or its misleading conflation of aversion therapy with adults from the past and exploratory psychological therapy with children today (cf. Pilgrim, 2023a). The DCP in recent years has not drawn attention to the serious iatrogenic consequences of puberty blockers, cross-sex hormones and irreversible surgeries. Letters of dissenting voice about GIDS and puberty blockers were certainly sent to the CEO and were predictably ignored. Thus, not all clinical psychologists were happy about inaction from officialdom but their protests to their professional leaders proved to be in vain. A contempt for ordinary members by BPS leaders has been pointed up repeatedly on this blog.

Despite Raczka’s focus on the benign public service of a new and expanded psychological workforce, he fails to mention an elephant in the room: the now discredited GIDS approach was psychology-led. Moreover, it promoted a form of biological reductionism akin to the very worst aspects of biological psychiatry in the past (Valenstein, 1986). Where did this bizarre radical bio-reductionism come from in psychology, in collusion with endocrinology? The answer more generally can be traced to Third Wave feminism and the policy chaos created by postmodernism and its legacy of identity politics. Specifically, this was expressed in the ‘Dutch model’, subsequently rolled out at the Tavistock Clinic on the basis of no evidence and under the leadership (both in the Netherlands and the UK) of clinical psychologists (de Vries and Cohen-Kettenis 2012).

Surely what is now required, before zealous opportunism kicks in, is a needed reckoning. British clinical psychology should now admit its role in promoting an approach to care that was scandalous and resembles others recently discussed with concern in the public domain (BMJ, 2020). For now Agnew denies that there was a scandal at all and that cis, het, transphobic critics should butt out and leave the matter of ‘gender healthcare’ to him and those agreeing with him. Raczka is seemingly friendlier to Cass, but he ignores the blatant need for a reckoning in the profession, which he recently has led and which has largely looked on passively, as the car crash at GIDS unfolded in slow-mo. Both Agnew and Raczka claim to take both values and evidence seriously, so I finish on this point.

Getting serious about values and evidence

Any look back from the DCP about what went wrong at GIDS should start with two questions. First, did psychologists operate with an ethical principle of ‘do no harm’ or non-maleficence? Second, did psychologists use evidence to guide their service philosophy?

The first one is easy to answer: the expectation at GIDS was that the prescription of puberty blockers and the routine trajectory of cross-sex hormones and surgeries was self-evidently ethically legitimate, even though the long term iatrogenic risks were unknown. This was despite evidence from other clinical groups that those risks were very likely (including sterility, sexual dysfunction, loss of bone density and cardio-vascular events). Thus, the ‘first do no harm’ position was definitely not adopted at GIDS: instead negligently it jeopardized the long term health of children, who were relying on the good judgment of their adult carers (Jorgensen et al, 2024; Pilgrim and Entwistle, 2020). Those adults failed them.

But, turning to the question of evidence of efficacy, the main problem was that the ideology of affirmation over-rode caution. Consequently, evidence collection was neither made transparent nor did it guide service planning. Ideology justified all decisions and the normal rules of professional probity were ignored. This ‘gung-ho’ attitude displaced a wiser ‘wait and see’ approach, both at the service philosophy level and that of individual patient care. The positive evidence that mental health gain was being achieved was simply missing. The Dutch model was a pilot service, with small numbers, not a model service with clearly proven success. The inclusion criteria (about psychological stability in research patients) for that pilot service bore no resemblance to the clinical features of those on the waiting list at GIDS. Moreover, the data on outcomes at the Tavistock, which showed no improvement overall, were suppressed for years and no explanation to date has been offered about that secrecy (Biggs, 2023). Turning as a relevant aside to adult services, there is no evidence that distress and dysfunction improve post-operatively in ‘gender reassignment’ (Dhejne, et al, 2011). Given that lacklustre picture, note how as soon as the Cass report emerged it also became evident that NHS Trusts had suppressed information about adult services. If ‘gender healthcare’ is such a welcomed and effective policy innovation, then why do those responsible for it want to hide their light under a bushel so often? Slowly policy makers are waking up to this point.

The most obvious manifestation of ideology displacing evidence has been in relation to ‘diagnostic overshadowing’. That is, the complex mental health needs of existentially confused young people, who include survivors of abuse, those with mixed anxiety and depression and those with marked autistic tendencies, have been ignored in favour of reducing the patient’s problem to that of being ‘born in the wrong body’. In any general child and adolescent mental health service the complexity of each case would be formulated case by case and iteratively. A sign of how things have changed in a decade is that such a cautious, formulation-focused, approach was offered by the Canadian clinical psychologist Ken Zucker (Zucker, et al 2012). For his wisdom, his service was closed down and he was sacked, which is the inverse scenario of the fate of GIDS, except there its leaders received substantial exit payments courtesy of the British taxpayer.

This is what Cass said on the point about optimal mental health care for children and adolescents:

“Some practitioners abandoned normal clinical approaches to holistic assessment, which has meant that this group of young people have been exceptionalised compared to other young people with similarly complex presentations. They deserve very much better…..We have to start from the understanding that this group of children and young people are just that; children and young people first and foremost, not individuals solely defined by their gender incongruence or gender-related distress.” (Cass Review briefing paper, 13-15).

Those like Agnew and other activists in the BPS will draw on the authority of WPATH (World Professional Association for Transgender Health), while holding the Cass Review in contempt. However, WPATH is not like the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence, which operates sceptical equipoise about evidence and takes iatrogenic risk seriously. Instead, its approach is shaped by the demands of trans-activist members, many of whom are neither researchers nor clinicians. Here is Cass from her recent piece in the BMJ, nailing this point about biased reviewing (see also Ionnidis, 2018):

“The findings of the series of systematic reviews and guideline appraisals are disappointing. They suggest that the majority of clinical guidelines have not followed the international standards for guideline development. The World Professional Association of Transgender Healthcare (WPATH) has been highly influential in directing international practice, although its guidelines were found by the University of York’s appraisal to lack developmental rigour and transparency. Early versions of two international guidelines—the Endocrine Society 2009 and WPATH 7—influenced nearly all other guidelines, with the exception of recent Finnish and Swedish guidelines; the latter were the only guidelines to publish details of how developers reviewed and utilised the evidence base, and the decision making process behind their recommendations.” (Cass, 2024)

From the outset WPATH was formed from the ideological project of the sexologist Harry Benjamin in the 1960s, to encourage the compassionate care of adult transsexuals. Since that time, mission creep has been clearly evident to extend the bio-medicalisation of gender confusion from adults to children, who ipso facto lack the capacity of adults. This mission creep is why affirmation has been so totemic for those running those services. Post-Cass, the talisman of affirmation will still be worshiped in private clinics staffed by trans-ideologues and unrepentant ex-GIDS personnel. On the day of the release of the Cass Review, the BBC interviewed a clinical psychologist, Dr Aidan Kelly, proudly heading up such a service (GenderPlus).

That intersection of ideology and evidence-production should now be the focus of a look back exercise from the BPS (Hilário, 2019). It would seem though that those like Agnew will resist it actively and those like Raczak will do so passively, by only looking forwards not backwards. That blindness to history would reflect an established normative culture in the BPS, which is an organisation without a memory (Pilgrim, 2023b). It may be that the grown up in the room trying to learn all the relevant lessons from the past will have to be the Association of Clinical Psychologists UK. The DCP’s shameful silence might encourage many to leave it in favour of joining the latter, adding to the membership woes of the BPS.

Conclusion

The appearance of the Cass report is challenging for those in charge at the BPS. Its hegemonic trans-captured culture is now exposed for its ethical and empirical inadequacies. A reckoning within the profession is required, given that British clinical psychologists led the now discredited Tavistock service. That honest look back, and all the lessons learned, may never arrive from the BPS. Instead, opportunism about more jobs for the profession may take precedence. We shall see.

References

Biggs, M. (2023) The Dutch Protocol for juvenile transsexuals: origins and evidence, Journal of Sex & Marital Therapy, 49:4, 348-368.

BMJ (2020) Editorial: Cumberlege review exposes stubborn and dangerous flaws in healthcare BMJ 370: m3099

British Psychological Society (2019) Guidelines for Psychologists Working with Gender, Sexuality and Relationship Diversity Leicester: British Psychological Society.

Cass, H. (2024) Gender medicine for children and young people is built on shaky foundations. Here is how we strengthen service. BMJ; 384:q814.

de Vries, A. and Cohen-Kettenis, P. (2012) Clinical management of gender dysphoria in children and adolescents: The Dutch approach. Journal of Homosexuality, 59 (3), 301-320.

Dhejne, C., Lichtenstein, P., Boman, M., Johansson, A.L.V.,Långström, N. and Landén, M. (2011) Long-term follow-up of transsexual persons undergoing sex reassignment surgery: cohort study in Sweden PloS One 6(2): e16885

Harvey, P. (2023) Policy capture at the BPS (I): The gender guidelines, In D. Pilgrim (ed) British Psychology in Crisis Oxford: Phoenix.

Hilário, A.P. (2019) (Re) Making gender in the clinical context: a look at how ideologies shape the medical construction of gender dysphoria in Portugal. Social Theory & Health 17, 463–480

Ioannidis, J.P. (2018) Professional societies should abstain from authorship of guidelines and disease definition statements. Circulation: Cardiovascular Quality and Outcomes, 11(10), p.e004889.

Jorgensen, S.C.J., Athéa, N. and Masson, C. (2024) Puberty Suppression for Pediatric Gender Dysphoria and the Child’s Right to an Open Future. Archives of Sexual Behavior (open access online)

Pilgrim D. (2023a) British mental healthcare responses to adult homosexuality and gender non-conforming children at the turn of the twenty-first century. History of Psychiatry. 34(4):434-450.

Pilgrim, D. (2023b) Organisation without a memory In D. Pilgrim (ed) British Psychology in Crisis Oxford: Phoenix.

Pilgrim, D. (2020) Critical Realism for Psychologists London: Routledge.

Pilgrim, D. and Entwistle. K. (2020) GnRHa (‘Puberty Blockers’) and cross sex hormones for children and adolescents: informed consent, personhood and freedom of expression, New Bioethics, 26:3, 224-237

Zucker, K.J. Wood, H., Singh, D. and Bradley, S. (2012) A developmental, biopsychosocial model for the treatment of children with Gender Identity Disorder Journal of Homosexuality 59:3, 369-397

Valenstein, E. S. (1986). Great and Desperate Cures: The Rise and Decline of Psychosurgery and other Radical Treatments for Mental Illness. New York: Basic Books.

Williamson C. (2008) Alford’s theoretical political framework and its application to interests in health care now. British Journal of General Practice Jul;58(552):512-6.

Board of Trustees, Gender, Governance, Memory and the Law Group

Zombie CEOs and zombie organizations

David Pilgrim posts….

Recently a group of BPS members have set up a petition to remove Sarb Bajwa. In typical high handed fashion (or was it just panic over the Society’s dwindling finances?) he  proposed shutting down valued qualifications without consultation. This is par for the course. From the start of his reign at the top he has held the membership in contempt. When we at BPSWatch.com began our campaign in 2020 to expose the corruption and dysfunction in the BPS, his opening gambit was to go the Board of Trustees and ask them what he should do with members who kept pestering him with complaints. This was a pointed reference to our multiple letters, asking legitimate questions, which were being blocked and ignored. We were threatened with legal action and told that we were breaching the Society’s dignity at work policy. It was clear that disaffection in the ranks of ordinary members was seen as an irritation and threat to managerial interests and not an opportunity for dialogue, quality improvement or organizational learning. And as events were to prove, and over 80 posts on BPSWatch later, the BPS was certainly in need of both of these. 

Bajwa’s position has been nothing but consistent: in his view members are an impediment to unbridled managerial discretion and power. An example of this irrational authority was of his co-authoring a paper in Lancet Psychiatry about mental health policy (Bajwa, Boyce and Burn, 2018). What was his intellectual authority for putting his name to the paper on behalf of the BPS? The answer is that he had none, but a few of the Society’s members, had they been consulted, could have shared their wisdom from years of research and practice. Then we had the £6 million Change Programme. Did he consult experts in the membership on organizational change? Were targets properly defined and communicated? Has that enormous spend subsequently been evaluated properly? Have members got a better service via a streamlined Customer Relations Management System? The answers are all ‘no’.  And then there are all the letters sent to him by members, including those multi-signed. What did he do? The answer is that simply ignored them. What did he do with follow up prompts? The answer is that he simply ignored them.

Bajwa is a very clever man but his talents have not been put to work in the interests of the membership. To be fair he has been busy. He had his column with its pearls of wisdom to write for the ever biddable Psychologist until that went silent after his largely covered-up suspension. He also had to work hard to save his skin during that period. His subsequently imprisoned PA, who stole more than £70k of members’ cash for a year and a half (“A Kid in a candy shop” was her hapless comment at sentencing) had been given the blessing for the phoney expense forms being signed off under Bajwa’s nose. He wasn’t keeping his eye on the Finance Director either, who was reassuring him that, following an earlier fraud, things had been tightened up. At this point, Bajwa needed, and he found, the skills of Houdini. Off went the similarly suspended FD, setting a trend of virtually an annual turnover in that role ever since. This pattern itself reveals the financial and managerial anomie of an organization that is lurching towards bankruptcy (in more ways than one). To this day the members of the BPS have been given no account of this period of corruption. It has been buried, like so many of the Society’s murky recent secrets, by mendacity from the top, the antics of Bajwa’s favourites, the Comms Directorate, and – unfortunately – indifference from below. 

When cornered, Bajwa always has another card to play: he asks to see the complainant for a chat. This act of noblesse oblige puts him in control. Does he apologize? The answer is probably ‘no’. Does he bullshit? The answer is probably ‘yes’. If the ‘come in for a personal chat’ gambit fails, another jape up his sleeve is to delegate the need to apologize to an underling. A good example here was in relation to the failure of the BPS to deal with the scandal surrounding the work of H.J. Eysenck (Pilgrim, 2023).

In December 2018 David Marks (then the editor of the British Journal of Health Psychology) sent a letter prompting Bajwa to do something about a matter that had been ignored by the BPS since the 1990s when the psychiatrist Antony Pelosi blew the whistle on Eysenck’s work. Bajwa, as is par for the course, ignored the letter. After his return from suspension (October 2021), he received a prompt from Marks. Three years [sic] had gone by. Bajwa still did not reply. However, presumably he nudged a subordinate with one of many Orwellian titles in the BPS (‘Head of Quality Assurance & Standards’) – Dr Rachel Scudamore – who replied to Marks thus:

“We accept that a failure to respond is discourteous and that it would leave you in a position of not knowing what action has been taken. I can only apologise on behalf of the Society for this error on our part.”

‘We’ presumably is a coded euphemism for ‘my rude and indifferent boss’; Scudamore herself had nothing to apologise for. Why did Bajwa not send the letter himself with a personal apology? After all, the original letter and prompt were not sent to Scudamore but to him. In light of his haughty contempt for members noted above, the answer is fairly obvious to any observer with an ounce of nous.

To be fair, Bajwa has only got away with this brass-neck management style because of complicity. He returned after almost a year off on his full and substantial salary, a weak smile on his face standing next to the woman the Board had used sleight of hand to install as President when the whole Presidential team of 3 disappeared in three months whilst he was “gardening”. The Board of Trustees could have sacked him on the spot given his parlous performance but they did not. There are reasons for that which are not best described as his “blamelessness” and may be more to do with his holding their dodgy processes over the BPS. The BPS members, alerted to it by numerous reports from us in BPSWatch, could have risen up en masse and demanded his resignation but they did not. Maybe they are still getting the organization and managers they deserve. Either way the BPS is not a membership-led or membership-responsive organization and it is still being run by a morally bankrupt group of leaders. The survival this CEO reflects the history and continuation of a group of appointed and elected Trustees, who clearly have not understood the scandalous state of affairs they have both created and continue to defend. Or if they do understand they have not cared. The caveat here is the fates of elected Presidents along the way, so many resigning before their full term in the team was complete. A hitherto BPS stalwart (and past-President) David Murphy noted that, in 2022, only one of the recent past 6 presidents completed their full three-year term. He resigned as Vice President when he could no longer go along with the Board’s corporate position and issued a shocking disclosure letter citing his misgivings about governance on his X(Twitter) page, having suffered bland misrepresentations in The Psychologist . Now, however, the sudden resignation of the first ever independent Chair of the Board of Trustees might prove a watershed. We do not know the real reasons why he resigned – yet.

The Board at the time did not take responsibility for stopping the fraud or holding those responsible for it to account or for keeping the membership informed about its sources and aftermath. They also went on to support the kangaroo court expulsion of a whistleblowing elected President, with a casual contempt for natural justice. That is a saga which continues at present in legal jurisdictions.

Of great importance is the fact that poor governance has enabled policies which fail the criteria of the BPS mission and are at odds with child protection. 

The first is the extant and unrevised policy on gender, which is clearly out of sync with the Cass recommendations. The statement issued by the BPS in response to the Cass interim report is nothing short of lamentable. The second is the extant and unrevised policy on memory and the law (see here and previous posts), which limits relevant psychological evidence to false positives in cases of those accused of historical child sexual abuse. This leaves survivors of abuse silenced by their deletion from what is considered to be legitimate psychological research. Both these topic areas, gender and memory, are central to conceptual, research and practice dimensions of psychology. 

The CEO, Sarb Bajwa, and those who were responsible for the above picture of organizational dysfunction and its policies that fundamentally undermine child safeguarding, ought to be ashamed of themselves. The evidence to date is that the required shame will not be forthcoming. 

Bajwa, S. Boyce, N. and Burn, W. (2018) Researching, practising and debating mental health care. Lancet Psychiatry 5, 12, p954

Pilgrim, D. (2023). Verdicts on Hans Eysenck and the fluxing context of British psychology. History of the Human Sciences36(3-4), 83-104.

Board of Trustees, Change Programme, Charity Commission, Governance

The BPS in crisis – yet again

Pat Harvey posts…..

The Chair of the Board of Trustees, David Crundwell, has resigned – according to the BPS , “for personal reasons”. He does, however, remain chair of the Imperial Health Charity, which supports hospitals through grants, volunteering and fundraising. On his bio on Imperial Health website the reference to his position at the BPS was quickly expunged. 

The report of his resignation, “after just over a year in the role” was also carried in the Third Sector publication , which has also, along with The Times and The Telegraph, carried a number of articles covering untoward events relating to the many governance crises at the Society in the last few years. Professor David Pilgrim published and edited a book , published in July 2023 (British Psychology in Crisis: A Case Study in Organisational Dysfunction), on the extent of the dysfunction of the BPS which was developed from the picture that emerged after co-founding this blog in 2020. Seven articles in the three publications referred to above,  and published in a three year period, are linked in the endnotes to Chapter 3  “Resisting the silence of the cabal: resorting to social and alternative media” written by this writer. In the context of the BPS’s refusal to communicate meaningfully with its members, strenuous efforts had to be made to get  to what was really going on in this 65,000 member, Royal Chartered charitable organisation representing British psychology.

Crundwell was the first independent chair, appointed after the Charity Commission had been engaged with the BPS over serious complaints and concerns about how its governance and administration was functioning. The BPS had lost, over recent years and before the end of their terms of office, many of its member-elected representatives in the Presidential team of three. Some had even, nearly a decade ago, been “escorted from the premises” with threats of legal action. This culminated in 2021 when, within a couple of months, all three Presidential team members were gone. The President resigned “for personal reasons”. The Vice President, a long-serving holder of other BPS offices, resigned in a damning letter citing concerns about governance, financial management and lack of openness and transparency. The President Elect, voted into office in an explicitly reforming mandate, was expelled on the grounds of “bullying” staff he had never met and was publicly vilified to the world on a YouTube video before he had even had his appeal [see here, here and here]. This case has cost the BPS many thousands of pounds in legal advice which they did not follow, and they face further court proceedings which will no doubt cost substantial sums when the expelled President Elect mounts his Employment Tribunal appeal hearing in July 2024.

Many, many internal problems and wrangles have followed the appointment of Sarb Bajwa as CEO at the BPS in April 2018. He arrived from a job in a professional body relating to the gas industry. Rumour from several sources has it that on his arrival at the BPS he may have said that he thought 90% of the existing staff were incompetent. He acquired an executive assistant, appointed by outsourcing her recruitment, a person with 17 previous crimes to her name, including several thefts from former employers including defrauding the University of Leicester out of £30,000 in 2014. She had already served two terms in prison. At the BPS, using CEO Bajwa’s organisational credit card, she then began falsifying expenses claims to make her reckless spending on them appear legitimate. During a 17-month crime spree, which involved more than 900 fraudulent transactions. Jimmy Choo shoes were falsely described as accommodation, while £355 worth of lighting equipment delivered to her home was passed off as funding a board dinner. Two Rotary watches were marked as a retirement gift, £595 spent at Peter Hahn fashion store was falsified as a conference and Eurostar tickets for herself and her partner were listed simply as travel.  The criminal activity began in August 2018 and continued until it was discovered in January 2020 [see here and here].

It is believed that the frauds could only be perpetrated as the result of failures to follow basic financial procedures over 18 months – failures by the CEO and the Director of Finance to inspect card statements and follow basic authorization processes. It is understood that there had been other problems of fraud around credit card use at that time and this had resulted in the Finance Director supposedly tightening up on procedures. Astonishingly the misuse of credit cards issued to the CEO and his fraudster assistant actually increased after this, most of the money being fraudulently obtained after the tighter processes were not followed. The BPS response was turgid. Eventually the CEO and the FD were suspended. 

Disciplinary action? Responsibility taken? Seemingly not. The Finance Director fled with alacrity to another job in the charity sector, the National Lottery Community Fund, whilst still suspended. Was a reference not required for this appointment, and how was it obtained? One of us has variously and unsuccessfully asked the governors of the National Lottery and the Charity Commission, assisted by a bemused MP – who could also get no answer. Meanwhile the turnover of Finance Directors and acting Finance Directors at the BPS breaks records, at least 4 in 3 years. 

The Society has run a deficit since the CEO’s appointment, drawing down on reserves. It has lashed out £6m on a Change Programme and appointed Diane Ashby as its Change Programme Director, from Southern Water where she was Head of Change Delivery. It is thought there were some ‘unusual” procurement issues  of this programme from the start… whither the glowing pronouncements of Social Kinetic and its happy smiley client, the BPS?  The verdict on the outcomes of that £6million spend as they trickle into scrutiny is pretty dire particularly in relation to Customer Relations Management (CRM). The latest available minutes of the Board of Trustees (November 2023) states 

There is a backlog in processing membership applications. The Society takes an application fee when an individual begins their application, and a subscription fee when the application is completed. The website says that applications take 6-8 weeks to process – we are not currently meeting those timescales. As of 14 November, the backlog has been reduced and applications are taking just over 9 weeks. More work is required to re-design processes. An external provider will help to reduce pressure on the team in the main renewal period during December and January at an additional cost of [REDACTED]. Trustees felt that delays represent a degree of reputational as well as financial risk.

In fact, the BPS have been using that external provider for some significant period of time, at a cost of around £84000 per annum. More work is required to re-design processes? What has the Director of Change Programme been doing/overseeing for the last five years? I personally (as well as others in other contexts) have asked for an accessible breakdown report and evaluation of the Change Programme. Has it met its targets and been value for money?  What is there yet to do? I was fobbed off, and others have been told there is no apparent appetite amongst members for such a report. So what is the Change Programme Director up to these days? And how much is she paid for whatever it is?

There was, however almost a year, November 2020-October 2021, when she did have additional duties as that was the period when the CEO was suspended pending investigation of the fraud. During that period of his suspension, the Charity Commission became involved:  “Exclusive: British Psychological Society faces Charity Commission probe: Claims of poor governance and silencing of academic dissent amid concern over argument for prescription rights”. The Commission required various matters to be addressed about which members were never fully informed, but this did not progress to a statutory inquiry. 

So, was the CEO held in any way responsible for his oversight failures in relation to the fraud? He returned apparently unscathed after his year’s gardening leave. Third Sector helpfully reported this and gave some context. It is worth reproducing its report here:

British Psychological Society chief executive cleared in fraud inquiry

28 October 2021 

An internal inquiry found that Sarb Bajwa was in no way party to committing fraud, following the arrest of a former staff member. The chief executive of the British Psychological Society has returned to his position after a fraud-related internal inquiry cleared him of any involvement. The charity reported an allegation of fraud involving a former staff member to police following an internal investigation last year. 

Sarb Bajwa, chief executive of the BPS, was asked to step aside while the inquiry took place. 

He returned to work yesterday. The BPS is the charity that acts as the representative body for psychology and psychologists in the UK. It is responsible for the promotion of excellence and ethical practice in the science, education and application of the discipline.

In February this year, Leicestershire Police confirmed to Third Sector that an allegation had been made in relation to the fraudulent use of a credit card, and a woman had been arrested on suspicion of fraud by abuse of position. A BPS spokesperson said: “Following the arrest of a former member of staff on suspicion of fraud, the trustees requested that Sarb step aside whilst an inquiry into our working practices and processes took place. 

“We would like to make it clear that the inquiry found that Sarb was in no way a party to committing fraud. “We believe there are lessons about our working practices and processes, which, as the inquiry found, needed to be tightened and improved. Changes to our working practices and processes were recommended and these have been fully implemented. 

“We all regret that this process has taken a long time, and that the chief executive has been away from the office for longer than was desirable.”

The charity’s trustees said that Bajwa was returning to the BPS with their full support.

Bajwa added: “While I’ve been away from the office for much longer than I would have wanted, I’m returning to a society which, despite the many challenges, has done extraordinary work.  I’m looking forward to continuing our programme of transformational change, serving members and the profession.”

Findings from a report into the culture at the BPS, published by Third Sector at the end of last week, found an “endemic” lack of trust between staff and members and an “us” and “them” mindset. The BPS expelled its president-elect in May amid allegations of “persistent bullying”, which he said were “baseless and without merit”. But the report, shared with members two months after the president-elect’s dismissal, concluded there was an “endemic” lack of trust and respect between staff and members and said members had a “lack of access to timely and accurate financial information”. ​​Third Sector also revealed in June that the National Council for Voluntary Organisations pulled out of a consultancy contract with the BPS because it felt the charity’s culture would be detrimental to the wellbeing of its consultants. The previous president of the BPS stood down in April this year due to family commitments.

In addition to members who were able to access this publication wondering why the Society was in the mess depicted, they could legitimately ask how the CEO got away without serious censure. He may not have known what was going on, but that was the heart of the problem that led to the fraud. Was his behaviour, or lack of it, over such a period, not misconduct at least, and possible gross misconduct? There is a suggestion that the BPS was given that advice. Is there justification for the suggestion that the BPS had not followed proper procedure around the suspension and hence was open to legal challenge?

Many, inside HQ and without, have since his return called the CEO “the invisible man”. Many dubious policy decisions, responses to psychologically relevant hot topics in the public domain have happened since October 2021. Or have been ignored. The BPS operates in the field of public policy less with sound evidence -based psychological material and more as a Social Justice Campaigning organisation. This is clearly and increasingly outwith its mission.

The above drift, over which the CEO has presided, has been accompanied by gross financial recklessness and lack of acumen. Staffing numbers became bloated and unsustainable, leading to a recent desperation to cut numbers via redundancies and random wastages. In this context the use of the term restructuring is, frankly, dishonest. Service to the most important source of income, membership, will deteriorate from its already pretty poor quality. 

Final demands to get the budget on track were presumably being made by a Chair who has now abruptly resigned. It is my view, and that of others, that the CEO panicked and made a possibly terminal mistake. in the November board of Trustees minutes it was stated:

The CEO recommended that qualifications activities be phased out strategically. The business model does not cover its costs and demand is low. Existing candidates will be supported to complete their qualifications, where possible. Trustees discussed a number of issues including implications in relation to HCPC, limited numbers of candidates on some qualifications, the existence of alternative providers, and the extent to which certain qualifications do or do not cover their costs.

This blog in other recent posts has covered the objections and responses including open letters from the various Divisions affected or threatened. These are Division of Counselling Psychology, Division of Occupational Psychology, Division of Sports and Exercise Psychology, Division of Health Psychology, Division of Forensic Psychology. The myriad reasons why this was a serious error include:

  • he had not consulted the Divisions that this would affect
  • he had not taken advice about how this could have been better managed to increase efficiency and decrease costs
  • he did not appreciate how this undermines the perceived role and function of the BPS
  • his proposals expose the straying of the BPS mission from promotion of psychology in society and supporting members into a crude business model which he has proved himself incompetent to oversee

The belated statement issued by the BPS after the uproar occurred from Divisional chairs and members did little to assuage the anger and anxiety, and meetings with the CEO were said to be unsatisfactory. These Divisions contain many of the senior practitioners of Psychology in the UK who have doctoral level qualifications and are trying to grow their respective professional numbers in what should continue to be a favourable social and economic environment for these practices of psychology. The CEO, however, turned his myopic business eye on a hoped-for influx of new members, graduate or otherwise, much less qualified, which although more numerous is risky when the economic climate more generally is afflicted.

From the latest of these messes under the CEO’s leadership comes an early resignation from the first independent Chair of the BPS Board of Trustees, and a petition to remove the CEO from office.

The erstwhile chair has now retreated to what is probably a much saner as well as safer place. The question now is not only can the CEO survive, but can the BPS?

Gender, Governance, Identity Politics

The British Psychological Society and Gender – an update

Pat Harvey posts….

Transgender ideologues and their activism have colonised and sequestered, through social media and institutional capture, the various mental health vulnerabilities of children and young people and directed them into a narrow medicalised funnel which has pushed them towards physical treatments which are often irrevocable and cause life-long bodily dysfunction. Mental health professionals have either adopted an “allyship” to this ideology, unfortunately subsuming the diversity of individual ages, people’s lives and difficulties into one supposed oppressed “trans community”, or they have mostly been bullied into silence and avoidance. The British Psychological Society (BPS) has resolutely taken the first position.

In what is an extraordinary paradox, psychologists fired by “allyship” and underwritten by the BPS, have led services which eschew psychological formulation in favour of prioritising affirmative acceptance of the diverse reasons for a person’s rejection of their biological sex status and push them unreflectively towards transitioning drug treatments and surgery. 

Actual access to the dominant specialised gender services which promulgate the hope that “transition will alleviate your distress” has been so limited that children and families languish in waiting throughout their adolescence for access to the favoured transition pathway mode. Local services, stretched to their limits across the board, have been only too relieved to offload such clients. At the time of writing, many practitioner psychologists will openly admit they do not consider working with clients and families where gender is an issue. They feel the risk of approbation has become too evident in an intimidatory climate especially when they cannot resort to any reasonable form of support from their professional body for anything other than the affirmation and medicalised approach. The BPS produced Guidelines for Psychologists Working with Gender, Sexuality and Relationship Diversity  in 2019. These are unlike any normal professional guidelines from that body, or indeed others. They unequivocally assert a quasi-moral requirement to adopt a particular approach – affirmation – as the default position. 

These guidelines are currently subject to a “midterm review” which has been going on for some time. It has to be assumed, as this information is not available to members, that the review is taking place under the purview of the trans rights activist chair – Christina Richards. This was an inappropriately partisan choice to lead the production of the 2019 document. In the review Richards will presumably be supported by three of the original members of the working party: two of the original 2019 working party members had requested their names be removed part way into the life of that document. It will be a source of great surprise, therefore, if the revised document is in any significant way different from the original, or if it changes the default affirmation edict, acknowledges controversy, removes the discredited WPATH reference and offers an any more balanced up-to-date reference base. 

The 2019 document was amended, following my complaint, to indicate it should only be read as applying to adults and young people (aged 18 and over). This has meant that the British Psychological Society has conspicuously failed – during the scandal-ridden rise and fall of a psychology-led national Gender Identity Disorder Service and the creation of the Cass Review – to provide any authoritative guidance whatsoever on a psychological approach to this area of practice with children and young persons. This. too, is a scandal. We hear informally that there may be BPS efforts to address this deficit, but, given the tardiness and lack of independence of the current BPS regime from trans-activist capture, it will be surprising if anything at all surfaces before the BPS renders itself irrelevant to the changing situation around psychological understandings of gender-related distress.

Meanwhile Dr Anna Hutchinson, a clinical psychologist and former employee who blew the whistle on the discredited Tavistock child gender service and contributed to Time to Think by Hannah Barnes, has called for therapists to return to “ordinary best practice” when treating children with gender confusion. She stated that

….therapists now needed to return to the non-medicalised methods they previously used to help the type of young people who sought help from GIDS. Speaking at the First Do No Harm conference, she said: “In ordinary practice we know lots about what children can understand at certain ages of development. We know the last 20 years there’s been a growth of understanding of the sensitive development that goes on in the adolescent brain.

Clinicians know how to work with complicated presentations to develop sets of hypotheses of how to best help distressed children that attend to all parts of their lives. That’s ordinary best practice. We know how to safeguard children, put them at the heart of interventions and how to protect them from possible harms.”

Governance

How not to run a “learned” Society? Yet more…..

Below is shown (with the author’s permission) an open letter from the Chair of the Division of Sport and Exercise Psychology regarding the lack of consultation and serious consequences of the recent announcement from the BPS concerning the closure of training options. We have already published reactions from Occupational Psychologists working in the private sector and as self-employed independent practitioners and the Division of Counselling Psychology.

Board of Trustees, Change Programme, Financial issues, Governance

Openness, [REDACTED] & [REDACTED]

Peter Harvey posts….

We look to do the right thing in an honest, fair and responsible way through appreciating others’ opinions, viewpoints, thoughts and ideas so that we build strong and trusting relationships. 

We keep people informed through clear, open and honest communication.

These two statements are taken from the BPS’s 2024 Strategy document [see https://cms.bps.org.uk/sites/default/files/2024-01/BPS%20Strategy%202024_0.pdf]. Along with a whole collection of vacuous feel-good, virtue-signalling, management-speak phrases the commitment to openness appears on the very first page of the document. It must be important then.

But, in a phrase much used by my old head of department, the late Bill Trethowan (yes, for those of you with long memories, that Trethowan) when testing for thought disorder “Fine words butter no parsnips”. How do these fine words translate into behaviour?

If we take the latest minutes of the Board of Trustees (BoT) [note: access to these on the BPS website is restricted to members, so I have included screenshots of the relevant sections]. These were published around the middle of March 2024 and refer to the meeting held in November 2023. Two things to note here – the long gap between meetings of the BoT as well as the delay in publishing them. We have pointed out previously that the BPS is undergoing serious financial problems and we are aware that a number of staff have been/are being made redundant (we can say no more than that because the BPS has been completely silent on this critically important matter). It comes as something of a surprise that at a time of such serious financial pressures there were not more meetings. And, by the way, don’t bother trying to find anything in The Psychologist. As ever, it shows absolutely no interest in keeping the membership informed about anything to do with the management of the BPS – not enough opportunity for virtue signalling I would guess.

You might imagine, as a member of an organisation that you pay for, you might be able to see just how your money is being spent. Please add your own hollow laugh at this point. At the top of the BoT minutes the following appears:

I can fully appreciate the need for redacting information that relates to individuals – so far, so understandable. But the phrase “…commercially sensitive…”  is a bit more problematic. Correct me if I’m wrong but the BPS is a membership organisation and a charity – it is not a business. I accept that the organisation should be run in a business-like manner, ensure that income is at least equal to expenditure.  So far, so GCSE Business Studies. If the BPS were a company in the commercial sector where activist shareholders or predatory asset strippers prowl in the shadows, keeping your accounts under wraps is understandable. Could this be true of the BPS? Is the Royal College of Psychiatrists about to make a hostile take-ever bid? Perhaps Stonewall want a new identity and is looking to the BPS (on second thoughts, some recent pronouncements from a BPS Officer suggests that has already happened)? Is the BPS in such robust good health financially that a sanctioned oligarch sees the opportunity to launder their ill-gotten gains through  a ‘respectable’ UK organisation? (To borrow from Private Eye – That’s enough, Ed). 

I think not, m’lud. In truth, the BPS is a completely unattractive proposition for any potential buyer (perhaps we should run a competition – devise a sales prospectus as if for floating a company) – unless Del Trotter might be interested, of course.

Back to reality. The statement above is played out in practice….

What an interesting phrase “..giving a misleading impression…”. I leave it up to you, the reader, to make what you will of it. In all, there are 16 redactions.

Perhaps the BoT needs to be reminded of some important things:

  1. The money is not theirs, nor the Senior Management Team’s. It is extracted from the members to pay for services.
  2. Members have a right to know how that money is spent.
  3. Trustees – acting on behalf of the fee-paying membership – have a duty under the law to ensure that “…your charity’s money is safe, properly used and accounted for. Every trustee has to do this…” [https://www.gov.uk/guidance/managing-charity-finances].

How can members, either indirectly through the Trustees or directly as an individual member, find out if their money is being spent wisely, if all the relevant information is withheld? This is made all the more difficult by reference to the following statement (again from the November BoT minutes: (under 8. AOB, noted 3)…

I refer you back to the statements at the start of this post. Can anyone explain to me how the extracts above square with these?

Now I am sure that the BPS will argue that it follows due process by publishing fully audited accounts for the membership at the AGM. Of course they do, for otherwise the Charity Commission would be sniffing around (again!). But for those hardy souls who choose to plough through all 48 pages of the last consolidated financial statements there are two things to note: (1) that they are anything but recent (they only cover the year up to 31 December 2022); and (2) they have all the detail and clarity of a political party’s election promises. For example, try to find out how much was spent on legal fees and external consultancies (if you find it, please let me know). Up-to-date information about finances is (or should be) available to the BoT and the SMT (although if our experience with the much vaunted £6 million Change Programme is anything to go by I wouldn’t guarantee that). Surely it is possible to able to provide meaningful information to the membership without compromising any properly confidential detail? 

Secrecy is a pernicious poison, sowing mistrust, suspicion and disbelief. The recent furore about the manipulation of photographs (as well as the wider debate about ‘fake news’ and AI-influenced material) should give us all cause for concern. Why deny members access to information to which they have a right? To remind the BoT – it is the members’ money you are accountable for. You have a duty to be open and honest – let our parsnips be well and truly buttered by your commitment to truth and transparency.